CONCERNING REGULARITIES OF PARTICLE'S DRIVING IN POTENTIAL FIELDS (ON EXAMPLE OF ELECTRON'S MOVEMENT IN ELECTRICAL FIELD WITH DISTRIBUTED POTENTIAL)

摘要

The aim of this work is the research of the trajectory of movement and of the characteristics of radiation of an electrons' flow in the flat structures with braking electrical fields, created by an accelerating electrode and an electrode with distributed potential. The analytical expressions for definition of the electron's movement trajectory in the suggesting structure, the conditions of the absolute electron's energy transfer, the conditions of the cyclic closed trajectory's appearance and of the linear cyclic vibrations of the electron in the researching electrical field were found. The conditions, where the electron entering the structure could stay in it or could fly from it were defined, i.e. the conditions of completed or partial absorption of its initial kinetic energy. Under research of movement's trajectories it was discovered, that the appearance of sections with subzero resistance (the tunnel effect) is possible in structures with distributed potential, and, probably, it is possible only in structures with distributed potential. Is shown, that in potential fields with a distributed potential does not exist uniform and rectilinear movements. The analytical expressions for the definition of a difference of velocities of electron's movement in a structure, taking off from one point, but directed under an angle 90° rather each other are obtained. The symmetrical relative to X and Y axles electrical field with distributed potential was offered and the electron's movement in such field was investigated. The conditions, when the electron accomplished circular cyclical and rectilinear cyclical vibrations in such field were defined. The generation's process of electromagnetic radiation was investigated in structures and the analytical expressions determining the dependence of generated radiation's frequency on structure's p parameter were received depending on value of initial velocity and value of its coordinate of entry's in structure. The opportunity of optical (Cherenkov's effect) radiation's appearance in ionised solid mediums is shown in the work. Is shown, that considering an ani-sotropy electrical field with a distributed potential and gravitational field, in which A. A. Michelson has carried out experiences, as potential, it is easy to see, analogy in expressions for a relative modification of velocities of electrons and speeds of light in longitudinal and transversal directions.