Many types of electroless nickel, electroless palladium and gold, are in use today. These deposits and tirtiary alloys of these processes will find greater use in the future as technology advances, demanding different surface characteristics, and different metallurgical properties. A basic understanding of the types of processes and some applications may give rise to new uses for these and other electroless processes. Formulas for electroless nickel solutions, electroless gold and palladium may lead to better understanding and encourage use of some of them, or better still modifications of the formulas included in this paper. In general, proprietary formulas that have been based on solid research and development will be better than the ones included here from published literature.
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