An experimental study has been carried out to study the influence of a number of factors that may affect the performance of a night ventilation system when it is applied to a book storage room in a library building. These factors include the temperature difference between the supply air and indoor air, internal thermal mass and the locations of both air supply and air exhaust of the ventilation system. The results of the experimental study showed that increasing the quantity of books stored would improve the effectiveness of a night ventilation system. The indoor air flow pattern would influence the heat exchange between indoor air and internal thermal mass. The temperature difference between supply air and indoor air would also affect the effectiveness of a night ventilation system. A new index, functional index, which considers these influencing factors, is defined and for a storage room in a library building, the index will be between 1.0 and 0.5.
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