Oral learning (mushāfahah) in seeking Islamic knowledge and how much it is achieved through e-learning

摘要

For centuries, oral learning has remained the main means of learning Islamic knowledge. It occurs by addressing the speaker closely and without an intermediary, in a speech that is capable of interaction and thus yields the highest degree of communication. In this manner, the Prophet (PBUH) received the Quran from Angel Gabriel and also the Prophet's companions received the Quran from the Prophet. This method confirms the true value of scholars in transmitting knowledge, not the value of modern devices, because the scholar is substitute for devices, while devices are not substitute for the scholar. Due to the existence of e-learning or virtual learning, it is important to investigate whether this virtual learning achieves oral learning or not. This research undertakes to study this important issue on the one hand through the definition of true oral learning, its importance, and the conditions for its realization in seeking Islamic knowledge. On the other hand, it discusses the concept of e-learning and the extent to which oral learning is achieved through it. The main conclusion of the research is that e-learning cannot substitute for traditional education in achieving oral learning. E-learning cannot transfer the grace and light of knowledge of the scholar which can only be transferred through true companionship and sitting close to the student, which shows the condition of the scholar to the learner, as well as confirms the learner's humility and reverence for the scholar, and this may appear in kissing his hand or head, or helping him stand up, sit down, or otherwise. Accordingly, most what can be said about e-learning is that it is not a substitute for real oral learning in religious learning, especially with regard to learning the Noble Quran.