The effect of coconut shell activated charcoal on vulcanizaton and morphology behaviour in natural rubber starch modified

摘要

Coconut shell activated charcoal has been used as a filler in a natural rubber starch composites. The quality of composites may change during transportation and storage. This research aims to investigate effect of the filler to vulcanization and morphology of the natural rubber starch composites. The composite was prepared at a various coconut shell activated charcoal load, i.e., 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 phr. The vulcanization characteristics include minimum torque modulus (M_H), maximum torque modulus (M_L), and optimum vulcanization time (t_(90)) and scorch time (t_(s2)) and morphology of modified-natural rubber starch. The morphology was analyzed with SEM micrographs. The results showed that the best treatment was obtained at 45 phr coconut shell active charcoal loading, with M_H torque modulus of 7.26 kg.cm, M_L of 1.32 kg.cm, the optimum time t_(90) vulcanization of 6.14 minutes and a scorch time t_(s2) of 2.42 minutes. According to the result, coconut shell activated charcoal could be used as a new filler because of its ability to improve vulcanized characterization (M_H and M_L) and shorten t_(90) and t_(s2). In other words, the greater a load of coconut shell activated charcoal, M_H and M_L is greater and t_(90) and t_(s2) are smaller, reaching the optimum of coconut shell activated charcoal load 45 phr. Morphology analysis with SEM micrographs reveals strengths and weaknesses in the system. SEM analysis shows that the starch particles mixed homogeneously with the natural rubber. Coconut shell activated charcoal influences the characteristics of vulcanization and morphology of natural rubber starch modified.