Turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection (RBC) in a fluid heated from below and cooled from above is a challenging problem in nonlinear physics, with many important applications in natural and engineering systems. Because of the complexity of the governing equations, analytical progress in understanding convection has been slow, and laboratory experiments and numerical simulations have assumed increased importance. The RB system is characterized by three non-dimensional parameters: the Rayleigh number Ra (= αgΔTH~3/vκ), the Prandtl number Pr (= v/κ), and the aspect ratio Γ (= L/H). Here, α is the thermal expansion coefficient, ΔT is the temperature difference between the horizontal plates of height H, g is the acceleration of gravity, κ and v are the thermal diffusivity and kinematic viscosity of the fluid, respectively, and L is the horizontal extension of the domain.
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机译：湍流的瑞利奔跑对流（RBC）在下面加热的流体中并从上方冷却是非线性物理学的一个具有挑战性的问题，具有自然和工程系统中的许多重要应用。由于控制方程的复杂性，理解对流的分析进展已经缓慢，而实验室实验和数值模拟则具有增加的重要性。 RB系统的特征在于三个非尺寸参数：瑞利·Ra（=αgΔth〜3 /Vκ），Prandtl号Pr（= v /κ）和纵横比γ（= l / h）。这里，α是热膨胀系数，ΔT是高度H的水平板之间的温差，G是重力的加速度，κ和v分别是流体的热扩散性和运动粘度，并且L是水平的域扩展。
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