Comparative Evaluation of the Functioning and Development of the Energy Markets of Russia and Germany

摘要

Electricity markets are the main stage on the way to the formation of a sustainable and progressively developing national market. The specific organizational model of the energy market, pricing schemes for energy tariffs, structure of electric power systems can show the strengths and weaknesses of the country's economy. In order to determine the characteristics of the functioning of energy systems and the prospects of their development, the electricity markets of Germany and Russia are considered. The assessment of the state of the German energy market is based on an analysis of four large energy companies engaged in the production of energy on the basis of various types of resources and playing an important role in formation the German energy policy. The analysis of the energy market of Russia was carried out both as a whole for the power system of Russia, and on the example of some large energy companies. A comparative description of the structure and characteristics of the functioning of the energy markets of Russia and Germany was given, certain advantages and disadvantages of these markets are noted, and prospects for their development was considered. On the basis of technical and economical indicators, an assessment of the efficiency of the energy market from the position of the producer and consumer of energy was made.