This article gives an overview on the development of aluminum anodization technique in terms of fundamental aspects and practical applications in the past decades. Besides, the formation mechanism and structural characteristics of anodic alumina films as well as the factors affected the formation of porous anodic alumina films are also discussed. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) prepared by the anodization method can be divided into two categories: dense anodic alumina (DAA) and porous anodic alumina (PAA). This article also summarizes the optical properties, magnetic properties, solar absorption properties, and catalytic properties of porous anodic alumina film and its applications in nano materials, optical materials, magnetic materials, biosensors, solar cells, and so on. In addition, future developmental trend of porous anodic alumina film is covered.
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