A microscopic gap acceptance model is presented to simulate overtaking behavior on two-lane highways. The decision to initiate overtaking is expressed as a function of a driver’s perception of the Time-to- Collision (TTC) with the opposing vehicle at the end of maneuver prior to overtaking. The gap with the on-coming vehicle is accepted if the driver’s perception of this gap exceeds a predetermined threshold (critical TTC) for safe return. The gap acceptance model is calibrated and validated based on observational overtaking video data. The parameters associated with distribution of critical TTC gaps are determined based on a Probit generalized linear model. The overtaking model is then compared for consistency and transferability with independent aggregate field data as well as two other simulation models and Highway Capacity Manual results for two-lane highways. The overall simulation results demonstrate that the proposed overtaking model can provide reliable measures of traffic for two-lane highway operation. The proposed overtaking gap acceptance model discussed in this paper is a major component of a larger microscopic simulation framework for application to two-lane highway operations.
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