A new type of self-organized orientational motion of charged particles with internal energy structure in crystals, i.e., parametric channeling, is proposed and studied in details. Features of this mode of motion are associated with the strong parametric coupling of orientational oscillations and vibrations caused by intraparticle processes. During the channeling of molecular diatomic ions this effect can cause "parametric collapse", i.e., beam self-cooling, compression, and a decrease in its phase-space volume. For molecules whose axis is perpendicular to the channel axes, periodic parametric collapse occurs. For molecules oriented along the channel, beam self-cooling is aperiodic and irreversible. It was also shown that during channeling of atomic ions, nuclei, and relativistic electrons in crystals parametric coupling between ion channeling states in the field of crystal axes and planes and electronic states in the ion volume leads to the possibility of periodic decrease in the oscillation amplitude of the atomic ion in the channel. Parametric cooling of beams with a transverse energy decrease can also occur during axial channeling of relativistic electron beams. This process results from the parametric coupling between channeling states, and electron spin states in an induced effective magnetic field.
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