A Proteomic Approach for Evaluating the Effects of Proanthocyanidins on Rotenone-Induced Toxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells

摘要

Proanthocyanidins are oligomers or polymers of flavan-3-ol units with antioxidant properties and are found in fruits, grape seed, wine, tea, chocolate, pine bark and hops (1, 2). As antioxidants, these flavonoid compounds may prevent the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease since reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be involved in various stages of these neurological diseases (3). ROS may induce plaque formation in the brain and cause oxidative damage to biomolecules, ultimately leading to neuronal cell death. ROS can be generated in a neuronal cell culture model of PD through the use of rotenone, an inhibitor of complex I of the respiratory chain in mitochondria. Inhibition of complex I results in leakage of electrons from the electron-transport chain, and the production of ROS which attack biomolecules such as lipids, DNA and proteins. This study evaluates the potential protective effects of proanthocyanidins against cellular injury caused by rotenone in a human neuroblastoma cell line, SH-SY5Y cells, with emphasis on apoptosis and protein carbonylation. Protein carbonylation is known to be increased in the brains of PD patients (4).