Moderate LEDs flux output characteristics require to progress in the way of light flux collection. Functional and mechanical constraints doesn't allow always the best embodiment of efficient optical systems. Some exaples are given in airfield lights and decorative products. Trend to improve flux by increasing current density and power inside dices is the origin of unexpected failures, flux losses and useful life reduction. Now, thermal management of dices have to be kept in mind for all new products.
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