How Can Anesthetists Modify Stress Response during Perioperative Period?

摘要

During Ms daily routine, the anesthetist as a specialist of perioperative medicine deals with injured and surgical patients who are under huge stress. The essential task of an anesthetist is not only providing anesthesia and analgesia, but maintaining vital functions, such as circulation and respiration. The anesthetist has to be familiar with the pathophysiology of the neuroendocrine stress response to trauma and surgery and also with the drugs and anesthetic techniques that can diminish any negative consequences. Stress is defined as a state of disharmony or threatened homeostasis provoked by psychological, environmental, or physiological stress [1]. Stress response or general adaptive response refers to the biochemical and physiological adaptation made by an organism, presumably to allow for improved survival after injury [2]. Stress response is adaptive for injury "in the wild". Stress response developed allowing injured animals to survive by metabolizing their own stored body fuels [3]. However stress response after surgical injury is potentially harmful to the patient and can result in a poor postoperative outcome [4, 5].