DIAGNOSIS TREATMENT OF CHRONIC NASAL DISEASE

摘要

Signs of nasopharyngeal disease include coughing, gagging, choking, sneezing, snorting, epistaxis, nasal discharge, reverse sneeze, and facial deformity. Diagnostic techniques, which are frequently used alone but may be used in conjunction with othertests to determine the cause(s) of these signs, include nasopharyngeal culture, cytology, biopsy, radiography, and direct visualization. Dogs and cats with chronic nasal discharge or noisy breathing may have malignancy or fungal infection within the nasopharynx Definitive diagnosis usually requires rhinoscopy. In general practice, it is often difficult to decide when rhinoscopy should be performed, because it is often not clear until late in the disease process that the underlying disease is likely to be malignancy or fungal infection. A single open mouth VD view of the maxilla (or dental radiograph for cats) may demonstrate severe loss of turbinate detail. This finding alone is justification to perform rhinoscopy or to refer the case for rhinoscopy.