Feedback control for fusion bonding of thermoplastic composites requries sensors that are responsive to the mechanisms of bonding. Through Transmission Ultrasonic sensing is used as a process monitoring technique for fusion bonding using resistance welding. Models were developed that described the transmission of continuous and pulsed ultrasonic waves through adherends in a nonisothermal bonding process. These models incorporate the effects on sound propagation of the temperature dependent material properties and changes in intimate contact at the bond interface. The effect of surface roughness on intimate contact at the bondline was modeled by treating the interface region as a homogeneous composite layer with averaged time- and temperatur-dependent effective properties. Model results are reported and compared to experimental data.
展开▼
