NOTES ON MARITIME CYBERSECURITY IN SHIP DESIGN

摘要

European merchant traffic through the internal and external maritime lines are a critical infrastructure within the European Union, and are likely to be attacked. In this paper, an analysis of the main control systems of a ship and the possibilities of being attacked cybernetically are delineated. Conservative hierarchy in the design of the control systems is proposed and the general conclusions of the analysis are presented. The current trend towards automation implies that many ships rely on data networks and information systems. Two very important data networks are the navigation network and the propulsion control network, which can also be interconnected with each other and, in turn, to other networks. The control systems in turn depend on the SCADA equipment that has already proven vulnerable to attacks to alter its operation. Ship design strategies that can resist or mitigate the effects of a cyber attack with reduced crews are discussed.