Hazardous Waste Management Programs in Egypt

摘要

The Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) has many technical sectors, including the Environmental Management Sector. This sector deals with the management of environmental issues and the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies, which are currently conducted by the major Governmental and Private sector facilities in Egypt and approved through guidelines prepared by the EEAA. The Environmental Management Sector in EEAA consists of three general departments (GD) which are the Environmental Development (GD), Economics of Environment (GD) and Environmental Management System (GD). This also, involves three other smaller departments (D) which are Coastal, Marine Zones and Lakes (D), Environmental Impact Assessment (D), and the Solid Wastes, Hazardous Substances and Wastes Department(D). Noting that (D) is a department related to a General Department in the organizational structure. The Solid Wastes, Hazardous Substances and Wastes Department has developed a database (DB) for all hazardous materials which can enter Egypt through any free zone or customs office. In addition to giving permission for HW to enter the country, this department deals with treatment programs such as dealing with solid wastes, hazardous wastes, medical wastes, and inspection equipment. This paper describes the hazard wastes characterization in Egypt, toxicity characteristics of contaminants and limits, hazardous waste (HW) treatment technologies, conceptual design of centralized treatment & disposal facilities, HW disposal in landfills, and the preliminary environmental impact analysis.