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Parallel Monte Carlo simulation of ion implantation

机译:双子植入的平行蒙特卡罗模拟

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An efficient parallelization method based on MPI (Message Passing Interface) for a Monte Carlo program for two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulation of ion implantations is presented. The method is based on a master-slave strategy where the master process synchronizes the slaves and performs the I/O-operations, while the slaves perform the physical simulation. For this method the simulation domain is geometrically distributed among several CPUs which have to exchange only very few information during the simulation. Thereby the communication overhead between the CPUs is kept so low that it has almost no influence on the performance gain even if a standard network of workstations is used instead of a massively parallel computer to perform the simulation. The performance gain has been optimized by identifying bottlenecks of this strategy when it is applied to arbitrary geometries consisting of various materials. For that reason different physical models within the simulation domain must be applied why it is impossible to determine a reasonable domain distribution before starting the simulation. Due to a feedback between master and slaves by on-line performance measurements, we obtain an almost linear performance gain on a cluster of workstations with just slightly varying processor loads. Besides the increase in performance the parallelization method also achieves a distribution of the required memory. This allows three-dimensional simulations on a cluster of workstations, where each single machines would not have enough memory to perform the simulation on its own.
机译:提出了一种基于MPI(消息传递接口)的有效的并行化方法,用于蒙特卡罗编程,用于离子注入的二维和三维模拟。该方法基于主从策略,其中主进程同步从站同步并执行I / O操作,而从站执行物理仿真。对于此方法,模拟域在几个CPU之间几何分布,该CPU必须仅在模拟期间仅交换很少的信息。由此,即使使用用于执行模拟的标准工作站的标准网络而不是大量并行计算机来执行模拟,CPU与CPU之间的通信开销几乎没有对性能增益的影响。通过识别该策略的瓶颈在应用于由各种材料组成的任意几何形状时识别该策略的瓶颈,已经优化了性能增益。因此,必须应用模拟域中的不同物理模型,为什么不可能在开始模拟之前确定合理的域分布。由于在线性能测量的主站和从站之间的反馈,我们在一组工作站上获得了几乎线性的性能增益,其具有略微不同的处理器负载。除了性能的增加外,并行化方法还实现了所需内存的分布。这允许在一组工作站上进行三维模拟,其中每个机器都没有足够的内存来独立地执行模拟。

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