Fatty acids modulate adipocyte growth and development in pig: An approach from cell culture study

摘要

We have previously demonstrated that octanoate is necessary for inducing terminal differentiation of pig preadipocytes (Nakajima, I. et al. (2003) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 309:702-708). The aim of this study is to further investigate the effect of different types of fatty acids (FA) on pig adipocyte differentiation. To assess the role of individual FAs on adipose conversion, preadipocytes (PSPA) which were isolated from subcutaneous tissue of Western crossbred pig were cultured for 10 days in the presence of one of the following FAs; octanoate (C8:0, 1 μM ～ 5 mM), oleate (C18:l, 1 μM ～ 0.2 mM), or arachidonate (C20:4, 1 μM ～ 0.1 mM). We observed that lipid accumulated dose dependently in PSPA cells when treated with either C8:0 or C18:l. PSPA cells treated with C18:l showed the highest TG content with large intracellular lipid droplets among FA at 0.1 mM concentration. RT-PCR analyses revealed that the expression levels of adipogenic markers, such as PPAR p/8, PPARy and CD36, were the lowest in C20:4 treated cells. In contrast to these results of C8:0 and C18:1 treatment, treatment of C20:4 increased the total cell number as well as the proportion of cells in S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle, indicating C20:4 induced cell proliferation rather than adipocyte differentiation. Taken together, our results that the adipose conversion was promoted by the addition of either C8:0 or C18:l to the culture media but not by the addition of C20:4 revealed distinct effects of individual FAs on adipose development in pigs.