Diffractive 3D phase grating will qualify optical sensors and image processing technologies for reaching performance of human vision

摘要

1. OPTICAL SENSORS AND IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE NEAR FUTURE INTEND TO REACH THE FULL RANGE OF INTELLIGENT FUNCTIONS AVAILABLE IN HUMAN VISION Diffractive 2D and 3D grating optics as enabling technologies are on a good way to technically realize specific features well known in human vision. How does the human eye do its job in visual information processing? · It guarantees achromatism in scotopic vision, trichromatism in photopic vision and admits a luminance-adaptive transition between both levels of vision in the so-called Purkinje shift. · It varies the perceived hue in color vision at a modification of the intensity of an illuminant in the so-called Bezold-Brucke-phenomenon. · It not only adapts to the quantity of light incident on the eye but also - by guaranteeing color constancy - to the quality of light, the spectral composition of the illumination in object space. · It realizes a range map and in monocular vision reaches local data about the multiple distances between the eye and seen objects (3 D vision). · It identifies objects, i.e. “what objects in general represent” by analyzing scoarser spatial frequencies and "what objects more specifically represent" by analyzing details, higher spatial frequencies in the spatial frequency spectrum. · It actively creates and builds up reality in vision. ·It preprocesses optical signals by adopting geometrical instead of algebraic/algorithmic solutions. 2. DIFFRACTIVE 3D PHASE GRATINGS WILL QUALIFY OPTICAL SENSORS AND IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR REACHING PERFORMANCES OF HUMAN VISION