This paper explores the ramifications of four influential definitions of computer science:
1. Computer science is the study of phenomena related to computers, Newell, Perlis and Simon, 1967
2. Computer science is the study of algorithms, Knuth, 1968
3. Computer science is the study of information structures, Wegner, 1968, Curriculum 68
4. Computer science is the study and management of complexity, Dijkstra, 1969.
The first definition reflects an
The remaining sections consider in greater detail how empirical, mathematical and engineering research paradigms have affected the development of computer science. Section 3 indicates that although the phenomena of computer science are created by man they can be studied using the empirical techniques of the natural sciences. Section 4 distinguishes between "micro computer science" concerned with the study of individual algorithms and "macro computer science" concerned with the study of mechanisms and notations for specifying all algorithms; and between intensional "how" specifications and extensional "what" specifications for programsand computing systems. Section 5 distinguishes between the uses of the term "complexity" in software engineering and the analysis of algorithms and suggests that different terms be used to denote these two kinds of complexity. In a final section it is argued that the diversity of research paradigms in computer science may be responsible both for our difficulties in deciding how computer scientists should be trained and for divergences of opinion concerning the nature of computer science research.
本文探讨了计算机科学的四种有影响力的定义的影响: P>
1。计算机科学是对与计算机有关的现象的研究,Newell,Perlis和Simon,1967年 P>
2。计算机科学是算法研究,Knuth,1968年 P>
3。计算机科学是对信息结构的研究,Wegner,1968,课程68 P>
4。计算机科学是对复杂性的研究和管理,Dijkstra,1969年。 P>
第一个定义反映了 其余部分将更详细地考虑经验,数学和工程研究范式如何影响计算机科学的发展。第三节指出,尽管计算机科学现象是人为创造的,但可以使用自然科学的经验技术对其进行研究。第4节区分了涉及单个算法研究的“微计算机科学”和涉及指定所有算法的机制和符号的“宏计算机科学”。在程序和计算系统的内涵“方式”规范与扩展“内容”规范之间。第5节区分了软件工程中术语“复杂性”的使用与算法分析之间的区别,并建议使用不同的术语来表示这两种复杂性。在最后一节中,论证了计算机科学研究范式的多样性可能是造成我们在决定如何培训计算机科学家方面的困难,也可能是造成了有关计算机科学研究性质的观点分歧的原因。 P>
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