Comparison and reference on the systems of reclamation of the destructed land left over by history in China and overseas countries

摘要

This paper compares and analyzes the actual situations and problems regarding abandoned land reclamation in China with some thoughts and suggestions for improvement proposed based on a systematic summary about the advanced experience of the USA,Germany,Australia and other countries concerned in this field.The results show that: 1) Experience of developed countries like the USA,Germany and Australia in abandoned land reclamation includes: improved legislation,specific sources of funds,diversified incentives,specialized management institutions,collaborative ways to organize and implement,hierarchical and dynamic project management,multiple purposes for reclamation,real-time measurement technologies,etc.; 2) With a huge amount of abandoned land which is unclear in distribution and status,China has currently initially formed the basic institutional framework for abandoned land reclamation at the legal level,and taken some reclamation incentives with Chinese characteristics such as "Supplementary Cultivated Land quota" and "Replacement of Construction Land quota".However,there are still problems,such as management mechanisms to be improved,difficulty in guaranteeing reclamation funds,simplicity in reclamation purposes,and relatively extensive reclamation technology; 3) It is essential for China to make improvement in abandoned land reclamation by perfecting organizational structures,improving incentive policies,diversifying purposes for reclamation,and introducing advanced technologies and ideas.