THE SPREADING OF SOLAR CELLS APPLICATION IN SERBIA

摘要

The whole South-East Europe region has urgent problem with scarcity of electric energy, and thernshortage of about 25 billion kWh per year in perspective.rnSerbia is a country in the late transition processes and in the actual deep economic and financialrncrisis. Market reforms have not completed yet, and basic economic, social and technologicalrnchanges and challenges are expected in the next period. Recession and dept crisis are bigrnobstacles for a serious step towards sustainability of the whole economic system. Even the energyrnsector of the country needs substantial market deregulation and restructuring. Those conditionsrnare not favorable for solar and sustainable energy concept. But solar energy idea seems to be onernof the elements of successful and long-term crisis prevailing and preventing strategy.rnOrganized solar energy using in Serbia is just in the beginning. Most of the practical ways thatrnpeople use are based on direct solar heating. But wider solar cells application is one of thernpromising ways for development of the entire solar concept. Further development of solar energyrnapplication in Serbia, as in the whole Region depends, not only of the legal framework andrnenergy policy (relative prices system and internalization of external energy costs), but on energyrneducation and solar culture spreading too. [1] In this sense, the clever way is installing PVrnsystems on the schools. [2] The three representative high schools (Kula, Beograd and Varvarin)rnare chosen in June 2009 by the Energy Efficiency Agency of Serbia to partner in the photovoltaicrnsystem project, financed by the Spanish Government. During the next 12 years, according to therngovernment decision, Electric Power Industry of Serbia (EPS) will redeem electricity from thernrenewable source, generating electricity at the price of 23 euro cents per kWh.rnNext excelent case represente a public solar charger for mobile devices, called „Strawberry Tree“.rnThe Strawberry Tree is invented by of group of students from the University of Belgrade. Therninvention is for the first time represented to the world in the October 2010, when it was installedrnin the City Square in the centre of Obrenovac. After that, next Strawberry Trees are installed inrnBelgrade and Novi Sad, too. In addition to its main function, public solar charger of mobilernphones will have an important educative role amongst young, to understand the importance of thernimplementation of renewable energy sources.rnThe latest news is a project of the first photovoltaic power plant, of which cornerstone was laid inrnlate June 2011, on Mount Zlatibor (Western Serbia). According to the investors, a solar powerrnplant of 5 MW peak power, worth 15 million Euros, should reach full capacity before the end ofrn2012. [3]rnFinally, the Municipality of Vranje (Southern Serbia) has identified of 480 hectares ofrnagricultural land, to be transformed into industrial land, with the special purpose for installmentrnof PV equipments. The project will be carried out in stages, starting with the pilot project up torn10MWp. Vranje has one of the best radiations in Serbia, and the grid infrastructure for connectionrnrelatively close to dedicated locations. All amount of green electricity to be produced in Vranjernsolar power parks will be distributed and sold to power companies outside of Serbia and withinrnthe European Union.