Work and Teamwork: Notes on Collaborative Practice in the 20th Century

摘要

This paper is a historical study which discusses four selected examples from the History of Collaborative Practice in the 20th century. The primary objective is to introduce new information to the Architectural Engineering profession, and to students who may seek positive models of interdisciplinary collaboration from history. A secondary objective is to expand the discourse in Architectural History to be inclusive of modes of practice. Examples studied are: Highpoint One by Berthold Lubetkin and Ove Arup (London, 1933-1935); David S. Ingalls Rink by Eero Saarinen and Fred Severud (New Haven, 1956-1958); One-Family Homes by Renzo Piano and Peter Rice (Milan, 1972-1974); and Downland Gridshell by Cullinan Studio and Buro Happold (Sussex, 1996-2002). A few key conclusions are developed. First, architects and engineers interested in collaborative practice generally possess a broader cultural or 'philosophical' view of the disciplines, often grounded in the classics. Second, long-term highly-integrative practices are created by charismatic individuals who value collaboration and then create a culture which persists and transcends the individual. And finally, good interdisciplinary collaborations seem to produce all kinds of formal outcomes; the notion of integration implies nothing about the 'style' or morphology of the building.