The X-ray Microscope: A New Tool for Concrete Analysis

机译：X射线显微镜：混凝土分析的新工具

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The x-ray microscope is a new tool for characterizing the microstructure of portlandrncement concrete. It provides a means of imaging density and chemical variations in thernconcrete by means of transmitted x-ray and fluorescence x-ray mapping, respectively. Itrnalso offers a new method of extracting x-ray diffraction measurements from smallrnvolumes and mapping crystallographic variations of large crystals.

机译：X射线显微镜是表征波特兰水泥混凝土微观结构的新工具。它分别通过透射X射线和荧光X射线映射提供了一种对混凝土中的密度和化学变化进行成像的方法。 Itrn还提供了一种从小体积中提取X射线衍射测量值并绘制大晶体的晶体学变化图的新方法。

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《25th conference on cement microscopy》|2003年|p.1-7|共7页
会议地点 Richmond VA(US)
作者
Lawrence L. Sutter; Karl R. Peterson; Thomas J. Van Dam;
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Michigan Tech Transportation InstituteMichigan TechHoughton, MI 49931;

Michigan Tech Transportation InstituteMichigan TechHoughton, MI 49931;

Michigan Tech Transportation InstituteMichigan TechHoughton, MI 49931;

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原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类水泥工业;
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专利

1. X-ray analysis of a single aerosol particle with combination of scanning electron microscope and synchrotron radiation X-ray microscope [J] . Toyoda M, Kaibuchi K, Nagasono M, Spectrochimica Acta, Part B. Atomic Spectroscopy . 2004,第8期

机译：结合扫描电子显微镜和同步辐射X射线显微镜对单个气溶胶颗粒进行X射线分析
2. X-ray analysis and mapping by wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopy in an electron microscope [J] . Miyoko Tanaka, Masaki Takeguchi, Kazuo Furuya Ultramicroscopy . 2008,第11期

机译：电子显微镜中的波长色散X射线光谱仪进行X射线分析和制图
3. Selenium Distribution in Human Soft Tissue Determined by Using X-ray Scanning Analytical Microscope and X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Analysis [J] . Motohiro Uo, Kiyotaka Asakura, Takao Kohgo, Chemistry Letters . 2006,第1期

机译：X射线扫描分析显微镜和X射线吸收精细结构分析测定人体软组织中硒的分布
4. Novel x-ray mask inspection tool based on transmission x-ray conversion microscope [C] . S. Ted Liang, Univ. of Wisconsin/Madison, National Institute of Standards, Electron-Beam, X-Ray, EUV, and Ion-Beam Submicrometer Lithographies for Manufacturing VI . 1996

机译：基于透射x射线转换显微镜的新型x射线口罩检测工具
5. Advances in the Study of Two-Photon Interferometry: From Turbulence-Free Interferometers to X-Ray Ghost Microscopes [D] . Smith, Thomas A. 2021

机译：双光子干涉测量研究进展：从无湍流干涉仪到X射线鬼显微镜
6. In situ observation of fracture processes in high-strength concretes and limestone using high-speed X-ray phase-contrast imaging [O] . Niranjan D. Parab, Zherui Guo, Matthew Hudspeth, -1

机译：高速X射线相衬成像法原位观察高强混凝土和石灰石的断裂过程。
7. : "This paper deals with the functionality of the flaked stone assemblages from several Neolithic sites of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. The chronological framework ranges from the mid-6th to the mid-4th millennium cal. BCE, which corresponds to the Early and Middle Neolithic. This long period ranges from the arrival of the first farming communities in the Iberian Peninsula, around 5600-5500 cal. BCE, to 3600-3500 cal. BCE, two millennia later, when Neolithic communities had stably occupied most of the available territory, from the mountainous areas of the Pyrenees to the coastal areas of the Mediterranean.In this context, the NE of the Iberian Peninsula is one of the areas where a major number of use-wear analyses have been carried out, especially for what concerns the Neolithic period. This is mainly due to the interest shown by the directors of the excavations and by the Spanish use-wear specialists as well; both participated and cooperated in order to enlarge the number of contexts studied, making the NE of the Iberian Peninsula one of the areas of Europe with the largest number of ‘functional studies’. As a result, today we have a reliable picture of the type of lithic tools used by the first farming groups, how they were used, and which needs they were satisfying.The methodology employed for this type of analysis is today broadly shared by most use-wear specialists. A stereoscopic microscope is used together with a reflected-light microscope for the analysis of the archaeological specimens. Afterwards, the observed use-wear traces are compared with the traces from experimental tools. This study primarily made use of the tools preserved at the ‘Traceoteque’ of the Institución Milà y Fontanals of the CSIC of Barcelona.This paper presents the results obtained for the different types of analysed sites and the relative lithic assemblages. In this way, tools from different contexts are compared: open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters, pit-sites, burials, and mining sites. Such a diversity of contexts allowed for the exploration of the existence of recurrences and differences in the functionality of the lithic tools from one site to another. The results obtained have also provided information on some aspects related to the economic processes carried out at the different sites, caves, rock-shelters and open-air contexts. It has been possible to gain fresh data on the types of tasks carried out and their relative importance for each site, their relation with the geographical and environmental context and the natural resources available there. In addition, analysing tools recovered from burials – mainly individual inhumations – provided information on the relationships between the buried individuals and the working tools, in particular exploring the relationships between sex and age patterns and the types of tools deposited as goods.In conclusion, use-wear analysis allowed for the exploration of a variety of issues; from technical aspects related to the production and management of the lithic resources to social aspects related to the subsistence activities and the individuals that carried them out." [O] . Gibaja Bao, Juan Francisco, Mazzucco, Niccolo 2015

机译：：“本文研究了伊比利亚半岛东北部几个新石器时代遗址的片状石材组合的功能。时间框架从公元前6世纪中叶到4世纪中叶，分别对应于早期和早期。新石器时代中期，这段时间的长短是从伊比利亚半岛的第一个农业社区到来，大约在公元前5600-5500 cal，到了两千年后的3600-3500 BCE，当时新石器时代的社区稳定地占据了大部分可用土地。从比利牛斯山脉山区到地中海沿岸地区。在这种情况下，伊比利亚半岛东北部是进行过大量使用磨损分析的地区之一，尤其是在关注方面新石器时代，这主要是由于发掘负责人和西班牙使用服装专家表现出的浓厚兴趣；他们参与和合作以扩大孔蒂的数量xts进行了研究，使伊比利亚半岛的NE成为“功能研究”数量最多的欧洲地区之一。结果，今天我们可以可靠地了解第一批耕作小组使用的石器工具的类型，使用方法以及它们满足的需求。今天，大多数使用方法广泛共享用于这种类型的分析的方法穿专家。立体显微镜与反射光显微镜一起用于分析考古样本。然后，将观察到的使用磨损痕迹与实验工具的痕迹进行比较。这项研究主要利用了巴塞罗那CSIC的米拉·丰塔纳尔研究所的“ Traceoteque”中保存的工具。本文介绍了针对不同类型的分析地点和相对石器组合所获得的结果。通过这种方式，可以比较来自不同环境的工具：露天场所，洞穴和岩石避难所，露天场所，埋葬场所和采矿场所。如此多样的上下文允许探索重复性的存在以及从一个站点到另一个站点的石器工具的功能差异。所获得的结果还提供了与在不同地点，洞穴，避难所和露天环境中进行的经济过程有关的某些方面的信息。可以获得有关所执行任务的类型及其对每个站点的相对重要性，它们与地理和环境环境以及那里可用自然资源的关系的新数据。此外，对从墓葬中回收的工具（主要是个人遗体）进行分析，可提供有关被掩埋的个体与工作工具之间关系的信息，尤其是探索性别与年龄模式之间的关系以及作为商品存放的工具的类型。磨损分析允许探索各种问题；从与石器资源的生产和管理有关的技术方面到与自给活动及其实施者有关的社会方面。”
8. Correlation beween Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) Analysis of Hardened Concrete for Chlorides vs. Atomic Absorption (AA) Analysis in Accordance With AASHTO-T-260; Sampling and Testing for Chloride Ion in Concrete and Concrete Raw Materials, Procedure B, Acid-Soluble Chloride Ion Content by Atomic Absorption. [R] . Simonds, K. M. 2014

机译：根据aasHTO-T-260，氯化硬化混凝土的波长色散X射线荧光（WDXRF）分析与原子吸收（aa）分析之间的相关性;混凝土和混凝土原料中氯离子的取样和测试，程序B，原子吸收法测定酸溶性氯离子含量。

The X-ray Microscope: A New Tool for Concrete Analysis

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