Considering the three demerits of LEACH: random selection of cluster head nodes, rough estimate of the number of optimal cluster heads, and non-uniform distribution of nodes, the paper introduces compression ratio, takes the surplus energy of nodes as a pivotal factor in cluster-head node selection, proposes an improved algorithm of the optimal number of cluster heads with the minimum energy consumption and provides the computational formula for obtaining the optimal number of cluster heads, and proves by mathematical reasoning and by simulation experiments. The improved algorithm is a success in terms of balancing energy consumption of the system and prolonging the network life cycle, thus leaving the network more of robustness.
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