基于能量异构的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议的设计与仿真

摘要

Heterogeneous WSN(HWSN) have characteristics of different sensing ,computing and communication abili‐ties and initial configuration parameters and they will be more suitable to meet a wide range of heterogeneous WSN world de‐mand for different models of reality .Because of limited battery power sensor nodes ,energy efficient realization of the net‐work becomes HWSN research focus .In addition ,efficient routing protocol for WSN is also very important .The energy effi‐ciency researches are mainly focused on the clustering model .Based on the heterogeneity in HWSN ,the energy efficient clus‐tered routing algorithms have been explored and a novel protocol for HWSN is designed in this dissertation ,especially .The design and evaluation of IHEED algorithm .Through using the cluster head rotation ideas of LEACH ,the cluster head elec‐tion algorithm based on residual energy ,improvements IHEED agreement is further proposed .Simulation experiments have been done for IHEED ,LEACH and HEED protocol to analyze the performance ,it proves that the effectively balance net‐work energy consumption ,improvement of the life cycle of a heterogeneous network ,better data transfer performance of IHEED than other protocols .%异构无线传感器网络（Heterogeneous WSN ，HWSN）拥有不同感测、计算处理、通信能力和初始配置参数的特点，更能满足广泛的异构世界对不同 WSN 现实模型的需求。因为传感器节点的电池能量受限，实现网络的能量有效成为HWSN 的研究重点。此外，高效的路由协议对 WSN 也相当重要。 HWSN 的能量有效性研究主要集中在分簇模型上。论文针对 HWSN 的异构特性，对分簇路由协议进行了研究，提出一种适应 HWSN 能量有效的异构分簇路由协议 IHEED 。通过借鉴了 LEACH 的簇头轮转思想、基于剩余能量的簇头选举算法，提出了改进的 IHEED 协议。对 IHEED 和 LEACH 、HEED 协议进行仿真实验分析性能，表明 IHEED 能有效均衡网络能量消耗，提升了异构网络的生存周期，数据传输性能上也优于其它协议。