Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene Using an Alkali-Soluble Random Copolymer as Polymeric Emulsifier

摘要

An alkali-soluble random copolymer (ASR), poly(styrene/ alpha -methylstyrene/acrylic acid), was used as a polymeric emulsifier in the emulsion polymerization of styrene. The calorimetric technique was applied to study the kinetics of emulsion polymerization of styrene using ASR and a conoventional ionic emulsifier, sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS). ASR could form aggregates like micelles, and the solubilization ability of the aggregates was dependent on the neutraliation degree of ASR. The rate of polymerization in the ASR System was lower than that in the SDBS system. This result can be explained by the creation of a hairy ASR layer around the particle surface, which decreases the diffusion rate of free radicals through this region. Although a decrease in particle size was observed, the rate of polymerization decreased with increasing ASR concentration. The higher the concentration of ASR is, the thicker and denser ASR layer may be, and the more difficult it would therefore be for radicals to reach the particle through this layer of ASR. The rate of polymerization decreased with increasing the neutralization degree of ASR. The aggregates with high neutralization of ASR are less efficient in solubilizing the monomer and capturing initiator radicals than that of the lower neutralization degree, which leads to decrease in rate of polymerization.