This specification provides an improved improvement in the ability of a dye sensitized photocell operating under normal room light conditions.These improvements include a printable and non corrosive non porous hole blocking layer compound that improves the performance of dye sensitized batteries under 1 sun and room light irradiation conditions.The present specification also provides an extremely stable electrolyte formulation for use in dye sensitized batteries and provides excellent results that are not comparable to prior art acetonitrile based electrolytes using high boiling solvents.The present specification also provides chemically polymerizable formulations for deposition of a composite catalyst thin layer for a redox electrolyte based dye sensitized photocatalyst, wherein the formulation comprises The R2R printing of the composite catalyst layer on the cathode (including coating, high speed chemical polymerization, and cleaning of the catalyst material with methanol).In situ chemical polymerization processes form a uniform thin film, which is essential to achieve uniform performance from any cell in a series connected photovoltaic module.
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