A blockchain-based transaction processing method is disclosed. A Nonce list corresponding to a user account is maintained in a blockchain, the Nonce list includes a plurality of Nonce records, the Nonce record includes a group identifier and a Nonce value, and the method includes: obtaining, from the Nonce list, available Nonce records that include the same group identifier for a plurality of transactions that need to be concurrently executed and are initiated by a user through the user account; respectively adding the obtained available Nonce records to the plurality of transactions; and publishing the plurality of transactions in the blockchain, so that a node device in the blockchain matches an available Nonce record in a transaction published by the client device with the Nonce record in the Nonce list, and when the available Nonce record matches any target Nonce record in the Nonce list, processes the transaction, and concurrently executes a plurality of transactions with the same group identifier in processed transactions.
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