The present application is applicable to the technical field of computers, and provides a user identity recognition method and apparatus based on a handwritten signature, and a terminal device. The method comprises: obtaining a signature image for graying processing; segmenting each user signature character in the grayscale image to obtain a plurality of sorted character segmentation images; carrying out wavelet decomposition of a preset number of layers on each character segmentation image, to obtain a preset number of high-frequency components corresponding to each character segmentation image; calculating a mean value and a variance of a high-frequency coefficient matrix of each high-frequency component to serve as feature elements corresponding to each high-frequency component; combining the feature elements of the preset number of high-frequency components corresponding to each character segmentation image to form a feature vector of the character segmentation image; and matching the feature vector of each character segmentation image with a corresponding preset feature vector in a preset sequence according to the sequence to generate the user identity recognition result. According to the present application, the data processing amount is greatly reduced, and the system resource occupation is reduced.
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