Method and apparatus for producing nuclear-fusion reactions

摘要

1,165,550. Nuclear fusion rectors. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ELECTRIC CORP. 6 April, 1967 [13 May, 1966], No. 15794/67. Heading G6P. In a nuclear fusion device, ion collisons are effected inside a spherical space. A cathode is mounted concentrically within a spherical anode and positively charged ions are caused to oscillate along linear diametral paths through the geometrical centre. The cathode is a metallic open mesh, pervious to the positive particle flow and impervious to electron flow and a virtual anode is formed at the centre, by reason of the space charge distribution. Electrons are also emitted by the cathode due to photo-electric action and add to the energy of the gas through the action of the virtual cathode. Further concentric virtual cathodes and anodes may be formed within the mesh cathode. Fusion occurs by reason of the high particle density at the geometrical centre. In one embodiment, dual concentric cathodes are mounted within a spherical anode maintained at ground potential. Fuel gas ions are injected radially into the central space by guns mounted externally of the anode. The nuclear reactions involved are such as to generate electricity directly at the anode. Alternatively, the device may be used as a heat generator, using a different fuel and reaction. In an alternative construction, a single spherical cathode shell is provided, which has apertures each covered by two meshes. As in the first arrangement, the meshes prevent escape of electrons from the cathode space and inhibit the penetration of the anode positive field into the cathode space, thereby maintaining the spherical field distribution therein. Each ion gun includes a thermionic filament, for generating ionizing electrons, and an anode sleeve with a frusto-conical bore through which the ionized fusion reactive gas stream is directed. In a modification, permanent magnets are mounted outside each gun to cause the electrons to follow larger paths and so increase the probability of gas ionization. The reactions may employ deuterium, tritium or helium.