Shelf stable, pref. flexible, electrochemical heating device - contg. metal anode chips coated with cathode metal in electrolyte

摘要

A shelf-stable electrochemical heating device consists of a container, pref. a flexible envelope, contg. 100 mol. pts. metal pieces acting as the anode, a water-soluble salt to provide a conductivity of =0.05 mhos/cm when dissolved in 500 mol. pts. water and, as the cathode, electrically conductive metal coatings covering 15-85% of the surface area of the anode pieces and/or pref. =0.25 mol. pts. of a plating salt which reacts with the anode pieces to form a metal coating on the pieces. At least 60% of the heat produced, after mixing the reactants and formation of the conductive soln., is produced by electrochemical reactions including redn. of water to OH- ions and hydrogen ions at the cathode and oxidn. of the anode metal pieces. Device produces a large amt. of heat rapidly and maintains the heat for =1 hr.