Tubular heat exchanger cooling water by air - which is opened out for increased efficiency without increased cost

摘要

Heat exchangers are formed by bundles of tubes joined together. The ends of the tubes are swaged into a square section, the sides of the squares being equal to the dia. of the tube. The square section blends into the round section gradually and depending upon the position of the tube in the bundle, it has over a longer or shorter intermediate zone an elliptical section, the long axis of which is aligned to the diagonal of the square. The long axis of the ellipses in each layer of tubes are offset by 90 degrees to those of the adjacent layers. The exchanger is arranged with assemblies of tubes forming two exchangers with a fan between them, the vanes of the wheel of which are closer to the upstream module than to the downstream block. The flow guides in the spaces between the tubes are in the form of rods with rings or spirals to set up turbulence. Basic principles of the system are applied to large scale exchangers cooling the water from the condensers in nuclear as well as thermal power stations, and in any industrial process in which amts of heat have to be dissipated at rates of =2.109 kcal/h. A hundred or so blocks of tubes are arranged to function in parallel, with the exchanger divided into two sections to take advantage of the silencing action upstream and downstream of the mass of tubes. Head plates are dispensed with and without increasing the cost of the installation its capacity is expanded considerably.