The present invention relates to an RFID system, a tag, and an authentication method thereof that provide a strong authentication protocol. The RFID system consists of a server, at least one reader and at least one tag. The server has a list of identification information (ID), a secret key (K1), and identification information for storing data for each tag, and the reader has a random number generator, and the tag has its own identification information (ID). And store and manage the secret key K1. The reader transmits a random number hash value S together with the identification information request command to the tag, and the tag receives the random number hash value S and its own identification information ID and secret when receiving the identification information request command. The tag hash value HT hashing the key K1 is transmitted to the reader. The server detects the identification information (ID) and the secret key (K1) for the corresponding tag from the identification information list using the tag hash value HT, the random number r, and the random number hash value S received from the reader. . In addition, the server generates a public key K2 and transmits it to a reader and a tag, and generates and stores a new secret key for the tag using the public key.;According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an RFID system capable of performing a strong authentication procedure without being overloaded with tags and readers.; RFID system, hash function, tag, random number generator
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