METHOD OF PRELIMINARY FOAMING OF THE GRANULES OF POLYSTYRENE AND THE DEVICE FOR ITS REALIZATION

摘要

FIELD: building industry; other industries; methods and devices for production of the granulated expanded polystyrene from the granules of polystyrene.;SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the methods of production of the granulated expanded polystyrene from the granules of polystyrene containing isopentane or pentane, which is used as the filler for the concretes and also for the monolithic and prefabricated heat insulation of the buildings and structures with application of cement. The method of foaming provides, that the granule of polystyrene are exposed to treatment with the seam at the temperature of 95-105°С at continuous stirring action. At that the granule of polystyrene are treated with superplasticizers for the mortar and the concrete having concentration of 20-40 % in quantity of 0.3-0.4 % of the mass of the polystyrene in the air-steam medium at the pressure of 0.35-0.4 MPa. The device for realization of the method contains: the control system; the loading tank for the source granules of the polystyrene connected with the foaming assembly, which includes the paddle mixer and the assembly of the steam feeding in. The outlet of the foaming assembly through the gear of the granules unloading and through the pneumatic pipe duct with the adjustable shutters is connected to air-separators of the hoppers for ageing of the granules. The hoppers include the means for their unloading connected through the unloading pneumatic pipe duct having the controlled shutter, which is connected to the air-separator of the loading tank. The loading tank and the hoppers for ageing of the granules are supplied with the vertical material pipe duct with inlet and outlet holes arranged accordingly on the upper and the lower controlled levels, in the lower part of which there is the sensor of control over the availability of the material. The device is supplied with the tools for treatment of the granules with the liquid superplasticizers for the concrete and the mortar, which are mounted flush with the spin axis of the worm feeder and perpendicularly to it and containing the tank with the sensor unit of availability of the material. The tank is connected to the spray assembly by means of the plug valve regulating the superplasticizer feeding by the pneumatic cylinder connected with the air collector through the pneumatic distributor. The assembly of the steam feeding in contains four perforated disks-sprayers, the total of the diameters of which is equal to the radius of the bottom of the foaming assembly and which are arranged according to the coordinates: the first disk - [0, r], the second disk - [3r, 0], the third disk - [-5r, 0], the fourth disk - [0,-7r] in the bottom of the foaming assembly, where r is the radius of the disks-sprayers of the steam. There also is the perforated grate in the form of the lattice with a mesh size of 0.14 mm mounted over the bottom along the whole area at the altitude equal to (0.05-0.1) from the height H of the working chamber of the foaming assembly, and the tubular shaft of the paddle mixer of the foaming assembly, which is made sealed above and connected with tubular vanes sealed on the ends and perforated from below. The invention ensures reduction of the granules density and the duration of the superlight expanded polystyrene production process, as well as the specific power inputs.;EFFECT: the invention ensures the decreased granules density, duration of the superlight expanded polystyrene production process, the specific power inputs.;2 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl, 14 ex