In connection with the field of nucleic acids in general, and more specifically, the therapeutic agent and also as a diagnostic agent, the invention relates to the aptamer is useful in the study for such validation more targeted. The invention further relates to materials and methods for enhancing the aptamer therapeutic agents, diagnostic agents and are used in the study. A method for identifying single stranded aptamers substituted, the step of replacing the phosphorothioate or phosphorodithioate phosphate groups in the linkage position a) of the single-stranded aptamer within; single, which is b) substituted and a target increased affinity as compared to the target affinity of the starting aptamer is identical to the single-stranded aptamer modified except that it has no c) phosphorothioate substitutions; and assayed for target affinity chain aptamer comprising the step of identifying a single-stranded aptamer substituted, there is also provided a method.
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