METHOD TO ASSESS POTENTIAL CROP CAPACITY OF SAFFLOWER ACHENES

摘要

FIELD: agriculture.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. The method includes optimisation of anthodia harvesting time, establishment of sum of average temperatures from sowing to the "budding" phase and quantity of past precipitation, calculation of hydrothermal coefficient in the period of appearance of the first two-three real leaves to the "budding" phase and detection of seed productivity by a calculation. In the "branching" phase of safflower plants the number of stems and primary branches is detected on reference allotments in a five-time replication per 1 m². In the "budding" phase number of buds is calculated on primary branches, and forecasted productivity of safflower achenes is calculated according to the formula where Q - forecasted productivity of safflower achenes, kg/ha; n - average number of plants at five reference allotments in the "branching" phase, pcs/m²; b - number of primary branches at one stem, pcs/stem; k - average number of buds per single branch, pcs.; η - coefficient of fruiting, taking into account of wholesome achenes, to total mass in an anthodium; Z_c - average quantity of achenes in one anthodium, pcs; m_c - weight of 1000 achenes, g; G_gr - hydrothermal coefficient of growth conditions from the sowing moment to the phase of "full ripeness of achenes in anthodia" in the previous period, mm/°C; G_m -hydrothermal coefficient of vegetation conditions in the forecasted year from the moment of appearance of two-three real leaves to the "budding" phase, mm/°C; α - coefficient, which takes into account stocks of available soil moisture in the layer of 0-0.3 m in the vegetation period; β - coefficient, which takes into account unfavourable weather effect; τ - coefficient, which takes into account damage of achenes in anthodia by farm pests and pathogenic microflora; ω - coefficient, taking into account heat provision of plants in the period of vegetation, °C/days; a - coefficient, taking into account effect of using mineral fertilisers at formation of achenes; A - proportionality ratio, taking into account effect of macro- and microelements at gaining mass of achenes and sowing properties, kg/ha; d₁ - coefficient, which takes into account effect of applied mineral fertilisers NPK at formation of green mass; d₂ - coefficient, which takes into account effect of nutrient substances stocks in soil at crop capacity of achenes; d₃ - coefficient, which takes into account illumination of crops due to deviation of a sowing norm compared to the standard or the sort sample before introduction; T - coefficient, which takes into account the period of sowing oil achenes.;EFFECT: method makes it possible to increase validity of results in prediction of green mass of seed productivity in promising varieties of safflower.;2 tbl, 2 ex