The disclosed technology provides a liquid crystal oligomer, a synthesis composition, a preparation method thereof, and a liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal oligomer is represented by the following chemical formula, wherein substituent R is hydrogen or methyl. In addition to a higher glass transition temperature, good heat resistance, low viscosity and a self-crosslinkable group, the liquid crystal oligomer has thermal self-crosslinking and high thermal stability of thermosetting materials.; 展开▼