Imam, clamping device, arrangement and method for setting setting in an object

摘要

Descriptive report of the invention patent for "magnet, clamping device, arrangement of attachment and method for attachment to an object. The technical field of the invention the invention relates to a magnet and a method for attachment to an object according to the preambles of the independent claims set out below.The invention relates also to a clamping device and a provision for fixing, by means of which an object, such as, for example, an object to be worked, or a working base, can be arrested. Previous technical devices to suspend and move an object usually use magnets, by means of the retention force of which an object is stuck.The devices use one or several magnets, which may be either permanent magnets or electromagnets. A problem with a permanent magnet is that its holding force can be adjusted, and, therefore, difficult to desprendu00ea it from the object. The retention force of an electromagnet can be adjusted by changing the electric current which travels through a coil of the electromagnet.A problem with the electromagnet is, however, that the maintenance of the retention force consumes electrical energy. Objective and brief description of the invention is an objective of this invention, among other things, reduce or even eliminate the abovementioned problems that appear in the previous technique.It is a purpose of this invention to provide a magnet, a fixture, a provision for setting and a method, which can be used in a quick and easy way to hold an object and to desprendu00ea it. An additional objective of the invention is to provide a magnet, a fixture, a provision for setting and a method CONSUMAN as little energy as possible.The disadvantages mentioned above may be reduced or even eliminated completely, and the goals above are obtained by means of this invention, which is characterized by the fact of being defined in parts characteristics of independent claims made in addition. Under.Some achievements preferred according to the invention, are described in the dependent claims made in addition below.The achievements and the advantages mentioned in this text apply, when appropriate, both to the magnet, the clamping device, the provision of fixation, the method and other objects of the invention according to the invention, if not always specifically mentioned.A typical magnet according to the invention comprises a first permanent magnet for creating a magnetic field, and a shell, and a center, are arranged to guide the magnetic flux to an object to be arrested. A typical magnet according to the invention comprises a slide, which is arranged to be movable relative to the housing and the center and covers a said first permanent magnet.A typical magnet according to the invention additionally comprises an electromagnet to move the slide. The magnet according to the invention, the slide is arranged to be movable in relation to the rest of the magnet between a retaining position and an open position in order to close and open The circuit of the magnetic flux.The slide is moved relative to the housing and to the centre by means of a magnetic field provided with the electromagnet. In the restraint position, the slide is in contact with the casing and the center with permanent magnetic force, while part of the closed circuit of the magnetic flux inside the magnet.Typically, the object to be fixed in the magnet, such as, for example, the object to be worked or work basis, form part of the closed circuit of the magnetic flux that is outside of the magnet. The parts of the casing and of the centre to be in contact with the object to be stuck to form the poles unlike called the magnet.The center is typically disposed within an area enclosed by the casing. The coil of the electromagnet is typically disposed around the center and fixed to the housing. The casing comprises a cylindrical atravessante advantageously hole, within which are disposed the centre and the electromagnet.When the electric current is conducted to the coil of the electromagnet in a certain direction, the magnetic field produced by the electromagnet will weaken the magnetic field of the permanent magnet.In a certain intensity of magnetic field, the slide comes off from the casing and of the centre, by means of the closed circuit of the magnetic flux is broken, the magnetic force is weakened and the magnet is removed, that is, the setting of the magnet is deactivated. The attachment of the magnet is detached from both poles of the magnet at the same time.The retention of the magnet is activated so that the electric current is conducted to the coil of the electromagnet in the opposite direction when retention is disengaged. The electric current is thus guided in the direction of the coil, which reinforces the magnetic field of the permanent magnet. Now, the magnetic field of the coil starts to pull the slide to its direction.Finally, when the force has increased sufficiently, the closed circuit of the magnetic flux in the magnet will be closed again. The object, the magnet used to hold, closes the circuit to the outside of the magnet. If the electric current is further increased when the magnetic flux circuit is closed, the holding force may be increased many times.The part of the permanent magnet in connection with the slide mobile, for example, can be magnetic material neodymium. The magnetic material neodymium is, in this text, usually named with the name of neodymium, as an ingredient in the same.The magnetic field produced by the holding force can be provided or only with a permanent magnet or both with a permanent magnet and an electromagnet. When the electric current is fed through the coil of the electromagnet, the holding force shall cancel the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet or strengthen, depending on which direction the electric current is fed into the coil.The magnetic fields of the permanent magnet and the electromagnet can, in a way known to be adjusted to cancel the effect between them or can be adjusted to provide a retention force, which, if necessary, is weakened or strengthened by the magnetic field of the electromagnet and / or Mecca. Nicamente.With control of the quantity of electric current, the holding force of the magnet can be selected as desired. With the deactivation of the electric current, the retention strength not to, but the magnet is retained.The weakening of the retention strength of magnetic fastener may be carried out either mechanically with the change of the magnetic circuit within the fixture or with the weakening of the field created by the permanent magnet and the electromagnet.An advantage of the magnet according to the invention is that electrical energy is required only to change the state of the magnet in the open position for the restraint position and vice versa. In other words, when the magnet is in the restraint position or open, the magnet will not need electric power.In one implementation of the invention, slide comprises a first part and a second part of the slide to slide, among which the first permanent magnet is fixed. The slide parts are fixed in connection with the poles of the permanent magnet differently called.The first permanent magnet, the first part of the slide and the second slide plates are advantageously part of round. In one implementation of the invention, the slide is arranged to be movable, so that the position of the retention of the magnet, the first part of the slide stays in contact with the casing, and the second part of the slide stays in contact with the center.In one implementation of the invention, the coil of the electromagnet is disposed at least partially around the center. In one implementation of the invention, the centre includes a second permanent magnet, which is disposed so that the poles unlike called the first and second permanent magnets are opposite to each other.Due to the second permanent magnet, the magnetic circuit can be efficiently deactivated. In one implementation of the invention, the magnet comprises at least one spring, which is arranged to mechanically break off from sliding from the casing and of the centre, when the magnetic flux produced by the first permanent magnet is weakened sufficiently due to the magnetic field prod. Uzido by electromagnet.In one implementation of the invention, one or more springs were arranged between the slide is movable and the other parts of the magnet. The factor of elastic recovery of the springs is provided to remove the slide from the rest of the magnet and to keep the slide away from the magnetic circuit. The factor of elastic recovery, therefore, is used to resist permanent magnetic force.When the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet is used to weaken the field permanent magnet, in a certain intensity of electric magnetic field, the springs will have the strength to move the slide of the other parts of the magnet. In this way, the closed circuit breaks down, the magnetic force is weakened and the magnet is removed, that is, the retention of the magnet is deactivated.When the activation of this magnet, slide, which is attached to the part of the permanent magnet, it will start to move, when the magnetic field is stronger than the factor of elastic recovery of the springs. By means of these springs, the power requirement of the electromagnet can be adjusted.The factor of elastic recovery of the springs controls part of the deactivation of the magnet through the coil may be smaller than would be required without springs. In one implementation of the invention, the magnet comprises a back plate, where the slide is arranged to be fixed in the open position of the magnet.The clamping force can be adjusted to be appropriate to change the form and / or metallicity of the back plate. In one implementation of the invention, the magnet comprises at least one sliding sleeve, which is arranged to control the movement of the slide the sliding gloves.