An article is described that includes a substrate and a plurality of layers formed by alternating self-assembly disposed on the substrate. A portion of the layer includes inorganic oxide nanoparticles that include a phosphorus-containing surface treatment. Articles comprising a bilayer comprising a polycation monolayer and a polyanion monolayer are also described. The polyanion includes inorganic oxide nanoparticles including a phosphorus-containing surface treatment agent. The polycation can be a polyelectrolyte or inorganic oxide nanoparticles. [Selection] Figure 1
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