An RF emissions sensing system including RF sensors for transmitting/receiving RF signals to and from engine system emission control components, a control unit for collecting/processing information from the RF signals and controlling system outputs. The RF emissions sensing system includes a means and method for the characterization of the operating state and/or performance of the engine system including the use of time-based or historical RF information and system outputs, the application/monitoring of pertubations to the engine system, the comparison of system outputs to baseline/reference system outputs, the periodic activation of the engine system after shut-down, the monitoring of changes in the electric or temperature profiles of the engine system emission control components, and communication with external sources to improve the accuracy of the system outputs.
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