The invention relates to a method of exfoliation, the method comprises the flow, at a first rate, of a fluid charged with particles, in a first (2), then in a second section of a conduit (1), the first flow being adapted to generate shear stresses and cavitation bubbles in the fluid as it passes through the first section (2) of the conduit (1), the second section (3) having a hydraulic diameter adapted to cause a implosion cavitation bubbles as soon as the fluid opens out of the first section (2) and flows into the second section (3), so that exfoliation of the particles is caused by the combined action of shear stresses and a shock wave generated by the implosion of cavitation bubbles, the first section (2) has a hydraulic diameter less than 300 microns.
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