The present invention relates to a method of building a cofferdam structure for underwater construction and the cofferdam structure and, more specifically, to a cofferdam structure for maintenance of an underwater structure built underwater to support piers. The cofferdam structure comprises: a pier supporting portion including a pier ring fixed to a pier pillar and a wrench support with one end fixed to the pier ring and an oblique support; a housing body including an upper ring unit disposed to surround the pier pillar, a pillar portion consisting of straight supports fixed to the upper ring unit, a lower ring unit disposed to surround the underwater structure, a horizontal support portion consisting of horizontal supports with one end fixed to the lower ring unit; and blocking panels installed on the pillar portion and the horizontal support portion.
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