METHOD OF ENRICHING SOIL WITH WATER USING A SUPERABSORBENT AND USING DRAINAGE LIVESTOCK DRAINS ON SODDY-PODZOLIC SANDY SOILS OF CENTRAL NON-CHERNOZEM REGION

摘要

FIELD: agriculture.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to agronomy, soil science and land reclamation. Method provides for a drain network running into artificially created by field boundaries discharge drainage channels, having a slope to an open closed collector of collection of drainage water with a mobile pumping station into a pond-accumulator of drainage water of irrigation cattle stock drains from drying-humidifying fields. Pond is filled in autumn period after watering drying-humidifying fields with possibility of suspended particles from drainage water in winter period of its filling in first year, settling and supply of drainage water in the second year by means of closed distribution pipeline for irrigation by pumps for sprinkling equipment. Plowing is carried out on a dry field, on which organic solid fertilizers are simultaneously introduced with superabsorbent granules, which are performed in one pass by the unit. At that each strip of solid organic fertilizer is covered with superabsorbent granule coaxial to it and equal in width, then it is plugged into soil by disc harrows into soil layer of 12–20 cm, and then plowed. Granules of superabsorbent as water aggregator are able to absorb liquid with further watering of drainage water of the above drainage water from pond-accumulator by means of sprinkling equipment. Field irrigation, on which organic fertilizers and superabsorbent granules are added, is performed with reduction of soil moisture in active layer of dry field soil to lower level of optimum moisture content. Superabsorbent granules begin to accumulate maximum of their capabilities not destroying the soil structure. At that, drain water supply with allowable sprinkling rate and duration providing for gradual absorption of drainage water and simultaneous collection of water with granules of superabsorbent in soil, is performed without disturbance of its structure and deterioration of irrigation quality. When plowing on a dry field, on which organic fertilizers with superabsorbent granules are introduced, a mixture of herbage naturally growing on the given field with a given seeding rate is formed.;EFFECT: method provides higher activity of soil microorganisms, humus content of soil and reduced density of soil.;1 cl, 1 dwg