Provided are a core-shell quantum dot preparation method, a core-shell quantum dot and an electroluminescent device containing the core-shell quantum dot. The core-shell quantum dot preparation method comprises: preparing a solution containing an alloy quantum dot core, and purifying the alloy quantum dot core; heating a mixed solution containing a shell-layer cationic precursor, a carboxylic acid, the alloy quantum dot core and a solvent for a certain time, wherein after a certain time, the carboxylic acid present in the mixed solution is a free carboxylic acid; and adding an aliphatic amine and a shell-layer anionic precursor to the mixed solution to coat the alloy quantum dot core so as to obtain the core-shell quantum dot, wherein the molar ratio of the aliphatic amine to the free carboxylic acid is higher than 2 : 1. After terminating the reaction, the surface of the core-shell quantum dot in a product system comprises an aliphatic amine ligand, wherein the aliphatic amine ligand accounts for more than 80% of all ligands on the surface. The core-shell quantum dot has higher luminous efficiency and stability because same comprises more than 80% of an aliphatic amine electrochemically inert ligand.
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