Provided are a radio link control (RLC) bearer configuration method and apparatus, which can improve the reliability of data transmission on a backhaul link in an IAB network. The method comprises: a first node receiving a first configuration message from a host centralized unit (CU), wherein the first configuration message is used for indicating the configuration of a first RLC bearer pair between the first node and a second node, the first RLC bearer pair is used for transmitting a data packet of a first radio bearer of a first terminal device, the first radio bearer is configured with the function of copying and transmitting the data packet, and the first node is a father node of the second node; and the first node configuring the first RLC bearer pair according to the first configuration message, wherein the first RLC bearer pair comprises a first RLC bearer and a second RLC bearer.
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