The present invention relates to a composition for early diagnosis of kidney diseases, comprising a preparation for measuring the expression level of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) protein in urine. The PKM2 protein of the present invention and a technique utilizing the same may be beneficially used to diagnose and predict, from urine, early diagnosis and disease severity of kidney failure due to diabetes and drugs; due to high sensitivity and specificity, can accurately assess the occurrence of kidney failure; and can effectively detect early signs of kidney failure through a relatively simple method, and thus can be widely used across various fields relating to diagnosis of drug-induced acute kidney failure that may commonly occur in the clinical treatment process, preclinical toxicity testing which is mandatory in new drug development, early detection of diabetic kidney disease, etc.
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