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Solid-phase laser-induced forward transfer of variable shapes using a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator

机译:使用液晶空间光调制器的固相激光诱导的可变形状前向传递

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摘要

Laser-induced forward transfer is a promising method for 3D printing of various materials, including metals. The ejection mechanism is complex and depends strongly on the experimental parameters, such as laser fluence and donor layer thickness. However, the process can be categorized by the physical condition of the ejected material, i.e., the donor layer is transferred in liquid phase or the material is transferred as a ‘pellet’ in solid phase. Currently, solid-phase transfer faces several problems. Large shearing forces, occurring at the pellet perimeter during transfer, limit the similarity between the desired pellet shape and the deposited pellet shape. Furthermore, the deposited pellet may be surrounded by debris particles formed by undesired transferred donor material. This work introduces a novel approach for laser-induced forward transfer of variable shaped solid-phase pellets. A liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) is used to apply grayscale intensity modulation to an incident laser beam to shape the intensity profile. Optimized beams consist of a high fluence perimeter around an interior characterized by a lower fluence level. These beams are used successfully to transfer solid-phase pellets out of a 100-nm Au donor layer using a single laser pulse. The flexibility of the SLM allows a variable desired pellet shape. The shapes of the resulting deposited pellets show a high degree of similarity to the desired shapes. Debris-free deposited pellets are achieved by pre-machining the donor layer, prior to the transfer, using a double-pulse process
机译:激光诱导的正向转移是一种用于3D打印各种材料(包括金属)的有前途的方法。喷射机理很复杂,并且在很大程度上取决于实验参数,例如激光能量密度和施主层厚度。但是,该过程可以按所喷射物料的物理状态进行分类,即供体层以液相形式转移,或者物料以“丸粒”形式以固相形式转移。目前,固相转移面临几个问题。在转移过程中在颗粒周围产生的大剪切力限制了所需颗粒形状和沉积颗粒形状之间的相似性。此外,沉积的颗粒可能被由不希望的转移的供体材料形成的碎屑颗粒包围。这项工作介绍了一种新颖的方法,用于激光诱导形变固相微丸的正向转移。液晶空间光调制器(SLM)用于对入射激光束进行灰度强度调制,以形成强度轮廓。优化的光束包括内部周围的高通量周长,其特征是较低的通量水平。使用单个激光脉冲,这些光束已成功用于将固相颗粒转移出100 nm Au供体层。 SLM的灵活性允许可变的所需颗粒形状。所得沉积颗粒的形状显示出与所需形状的高度相似性。通过在转移之前使用双脉冲工艺对供体层进行预加工,可以实现无碎片沉积的颗粒

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