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Characterization studies of Silicon Photomultipliers and crystals matrices for a novel time of flight PET detector

机译:硅光电倍增管和晶体的表征研究   用于新型飞行时间pET探测器的矩阵

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摘要

This paper describes the characterization of crystal matrices and siliconphotomultiplier arrays for a novel Positron Emission Tomography (PET) detector,namely the external plate of the EndoTOFPET-US system. The EndoTOFPET-UScollaboration aims to integrate Time-Of-Flight PET with ultrasound endoscopy ina novel multimodal device, capable to support the development of new biomarkersfor prostate and pancreatic tumors. The detector consists in two parts: a PEThead mounted on an ultrasound probe and an external PET plate. The challenginggoal of 1 mm spatial resolution for the PET image requires a detector withsmall crystal size, and therefore high channel density: 4096 LYSO crystalsindividually readout by Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) make up the externalplate. The quality and properties of these components must be assessed beforethe assembly. The dark count rate, gain, breakdown voltage and correlated noiseof the SiPMs are measured, while the LYSO crystals are evaluated in terms oflight yield and energy resolution. In order to effectively reduce the noise inthe PET image, high time resolution for the gamma detection is mandatory. TheCoincidence Time Resolution (CTR) of all the SiPMs assembled with crystals ismeasured, and results show a value close to the demanding goal of 200 ps FWHM.The light output is evaluated for every channel for a preliminary detectorcalibration, showing an average of about 1800 pixels fired on the SiPM for a511 keV interaction. Finally, the average energy resolution at 511 keV is about13 %, enough for effective Compton rejection.
机译:本文描述了新型正电子发射断层扫描(PET)检测器(即EndoTOFPET-US系统的外板)的晶体矩阵和硅光电倍增管阵列的表征。 EndoTOFPET-US的合作旨在将飞行时间PET与超声内窥镜整合到一种新型的多模态装置中,该装置能够支持前列腺和胰腺肿瘤新生物标记物的开发。检测器分为两部分:安装在超声探头上的PET头和外部PET板。对于PET图像而言,具有挑战性的1 mm空间分辨率的目标要求探测器的晶体尺寸较小,因此通道密度较高:硅光电倍增管(SiPM)分别读出4096 LYSO晶体构成了外板。这些组件的质量和特性必须在组装前进行评估。测量了SiPM的暗计数率,增益,击穿电压和相关噪声,同时根据光产率和能量分辨率评估了LYSO晶体。为了有效地减少PET图像中的噪声,必须对伽玛检测使用高时间分辨率。测量了所有由晶体组装的SiPM的重合时间分辨率(CTR),结果表明该值接近200 ps FWHM的苛刻目标。评估每个通道的光输出以进行初步的检测器校准,显示平均约1800像素在SiPM上触发以进行a511 keV交互。最后,在511 keV处的平均能量分辨率约为13%,足以实现有效的康普顿抑制。

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